Bhagwad Geeta Chapter 13 Prakiti Purush Vivek Yoga

अर्जुन  उवाचा 

प्रकृतिम  पुरुषम  चैव
क्षेत्रं  क्षेत्र -जन्म  एव  च
एतद  वेदितुम  इच्छामि
 ज्नानाम  ज्नेयम  च  केशव

श्री -भगवान  उवाचा 

इदं  शरीरं  कौन्तेय
क्षेत्रं  इत्य  अभिधीयते
एतद  यो  वेत्ति  ताम  प्रहुह
क्षेत्र -ज्ना  इति तद्विदः

arjuna uvaca
prakritim purusham caiva
kshetram kshetra-jnam eva ca
etad veditum icchami
jnanam jneyam ca keshava

sri-bhagavan uvaca
idam sariram kaunteya
kshetram ity abhidhiyate
etad yo vetti tam prahuh
kshetra-jna iti tad-vidah

"Arjuna said: O my dear Krishna, I wish to know about prakriti [nature], purusha [the enjoyer], and the field and the knower of the field, and of knowledge and the object of knowledge.
The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: This body, O son of Kunti, is called the field, and one who knows this body is called the knower of the field."

क्षेत्र -ज्नम चापि माम् विद्धि
सर्व -क्षेत्रेशु  भारत
क्षेत्र -क्षेत्रज्नायोर  ज्नानाम
यत तज ज्नानाम  मतं मम

kshetra-jnam capi mam viddhi
sarva-kshetresu bharata
kshetra-kshetrajnayor jnanam
yat taj jnanam matam mama

"O scion of Bharata, you should understand that I am also the knower in all bodies, and to understand this body and its knower is called knowledge. That is My opinion."

तत  क्षेत्रं  यछ  च  यद्र्क  च
यद् -विकारी  यतस  च  यत
स  च  यो  यत -प्रभावस  च
तत  समासेन  में  शृणु

 

tat kshetram yac ca yadrk ca
yad-vikari yatas ca yat
sa ca yo yat-prabhavas ca
tat samasena me shrinu

"Now please hear My brief description of this field of activity and how it is constituted, what its changes are, whence it is produced, who that knower of the field of activities is, and what his influences are."

रिशिभिर  बहुधा  गीतं
छन्दोभिर   विविधिः  पृथक
ब्रह्मा -सूत्र -पदैस  चैव
हेतुमद्भिर  विनिस्सितैह

 

rsibhir bahudha gitam
chandobhir vividhaih prithak
brahma-sutra-padais caiva
hetumadbhir viniscitaih

"That knowledge of the field of activities and of the knower of activities is described by various sages in various Vedic writings. It is especially presented in Vedanta-sutra with all reasoning as to cause and effect."

महा -भुतान्यहंकारो
बुद्धिर  अव्यक्तं  एव  च
इंद्रियानी  दशैकं  च
पंचाचेन्द्रियागोचारह

इच्छा  द्वेषः  सुखं  दुह्क्हम
संघतास  चेतना  धृतिः
एतत  क्षेत्रं  समासेन
सविकारं  उदाह्र्तम 

maha-bhutany ahankaro
buddhir avyaktam eva ca
indriyani dasaikam ca
panca cendriya-gocarah

iccha dvesah sukham duhkham
sanghatas cetana dhrtih
etat kshetram samasena
sa-vikaram udahrtam

"The five great elements, false ego, intelligence, the unmanifested, the ten senses and the mind, the five sense objects, desire, hatred, happiness, distress, the aggregate, the life symptoms, and convictions—all these are considered, in summary, to be the field of activities and its interactions."

अमानित्वं  अदम्भित्वं
अहिंसा  क्षान्तिर   आर्जवं
आचार्योपासनं  शौचं
स्थैर्यं  आत्मविनिग्रहः

इन्द्रियार्ठेसुवैराग्यम अनाहंकारा एव  च
 जन्मा -मृत्यु -जरा -व्याधि -
दुह्ख -दोशानुदार्शनाम

आशाक्तिरानाभिस्वन्गाह
पुत्रदाराग्र्हदिसू
नित्यं  च  समाचित्तात्वं
इस्तानिस्तोपपत्तिसू

मयिचानान्य योगेन
भक्तिरव्यभिचारिणी
विविक्तादेससेवित्वं
अरतिर्जनासंसदी

अध्यात्मग्य्नानानित्यात्वं
 तत्त्वग्यानानार्थादार्शनम
ऐतज  ज्ञानं  इति  प्रोक्तं
अज्ञानं  यदतो अन्यथा

 

amanitvam adambhitvam
ahimsa ksantir arjavam
acaryopasanam shaucam
sthairyam atma-vinigrahah

indriyarthesu vairagyam
anahankara eva ca
janma-mrityu-jara-vyadhi-
duhkha-dosanudarshanam

ashaktir anabhisvangah
putra-dara-grhadisu
nityam ca sama-cittatvam
istanistopapattisu

mayi cananya-yogena
bhaktir avyabhicarini
vivikta-desa-sevitvam
aratir jana-samsadi

adhyatma-jnana-nityatvam
tattva-jnanartha-darshanam
etaj jnanam iti proktam
ajnanam yad ato ’nyatha

"Humility; pridelessness; nonviolence; tolerance; simplicity; approaching a bona fide spiritual master; cleanliness; steadiness; self-control; renunciation of the objects of sense gratification; absence of false ego; the perception of the evil of birth, death, old age and disease; detachment; freedom from entanglement with children, wife, home and the rest; even-mindedness amid pleasant and unpleasant events; constant and unalloyed devotion to Me; aspiring to live in a solitary place; detachment from the general mass of people; accepting the importance of self-realization; and philosophical search for the Absolute Truth—all these I declare to be knowledge, and besides this whatever there may be is ignorance."

ज्नेयम  यत  तत  प्रवक्ष्यामि
यज  ज्नात्वम्रितम  अस्नुते
अनादि  मत -परम  ब्रह्म
न  सैट  तन्नासाद  उच्यते  

jneyam yat tat pravaksyami
yaj jnatvamritam asnute
anadi mat-param brahma
na sat tan nasad ucyate

"I shall now explain the knowable, knowing which you will taste the eternal. Brahman, the spirit, beginningless and subordinate to Me, lies beyond the cause and effect of this material world."

सर्वतः  पानी -पादम  तत
सर्वतो  क्षिशिरोमुक्हम
सर्वतः  श्रुतिमल्लोके
सर्वं  अव्रत्य  तिष्ठति

sarvatah pani-padam tat
sarvato ’ksi-siro-mukham
sarvatah shrutimal loke
sarvam avrtya tishthati

"Everywhere are His hands and legs, His eyes, heads and faces, and He has ears everywhere. In this way the Supersoul exists, pervading everything."

सर्वेंद्रियागुनाभाषम
सर्वेन्द्रियविवर्जितम
असक्तं  सर्व -भ्रक  चैव
निर्गुणं  गुना -भोक्त्र  च 

sarvendriya-gunabhasam
sarvendriya-vivarjitam
asaktam sarva-bhrc caiva
nirgunam guna-bhoktr ca

"The Supersoul is the original source of all senses, yet He is without senses. He is unattached, although He is the maintainer of all living beings. He transcends the modes of nature, and at the same time He is the master of all the modes of material nature."

बहिर  अंतस  च  भूतानाम
अचरं  चरम  एव  च
सुक्स्मात्वत  ताड  अविज्नेयम
दूरस्थं  चान्तिके  च  तत

 

bahir antas ca bhutanam
acaram caram eva ca
suksmatvat tad avijneyam
dura-stham cantike ca tat

"The Supreme Truth exists outside and inside of all living beings, the moving and the nonmoving. Because He is subtle, He is beyond the power of the material senses to see or to know. Although far, far away, He is also near to all."

अविभक्तं  च  भूतेशु
विभक्तम  इव  च  स्थितम
भूत -भर्त्र  च  तज  ज्नेयम
ग्राशिष्णु  प्रभविष्णु  च

avibhaktam ca bhutesu
vibhaktam iva ca sthitam
bhuta-bhartr ca taj jneyam
grasisnu prabhavishnu ca

"Although the Supersoul appears to be divided among all beings, He is never divided. He is situated as one. Although He is the maintainer of every living entity, it is to be understood that He devours and develops all."

ज्योतिसाम  अपि  ताज्ज्योतिस
तमसः  परमुच्यते
ज्ञानं  ज्ञेयं  ज्ञान -गम्यम
हृदि  सर्वस्य  विस्थितम

jyotisam api taj jyotis
tamasah param ucyate
jnanam jneyam jnana-gamyam
hridi sarvasya visthitam

"He is the source of light in all luminous objects. He is beyond the darkness of matter and is unmanifested. He is knowledge, He is the object of knowledge, and He is the goal of knowledge. He is situated in everyone’s heart."

इति  क्षेत्रं  तथा  ज्ञानं
ज्नेयम  चोक्तं  समासतः
मद -भक्त  एतद  विज्ञाय
 मद - भवयोपपद्यते

iti kshetram tatha jnanam
jneyam coktam samasatah
mad-bhakta etad vijnaya
mad-bhavayopapadyate

"Thus the field of activities [the body], knowledge and the knowable have been summarily described by Me. Only My devotees can understand this thoroughly and thus attain to My nature."

प्रकृतिम  पुरुषम  चैव
विद्ध्यनादी  उभावपि
 विकाराम्स्चा  गुनान्स्चैवा
विद्धि  प्रकृति -सम्भावन

prakritim purusham caiva
viddhy anadi ubhav api
vikarams ca gunams caiva
viddhi prakriti-sambhavan

"Material nature and the living entities should be understood to be beginningless. Their transformations and the modes of matter are products of material nature."

कार्य -करण -कर्त्रत्वे
हेतुह  प्रकृतिरुच्यते
पुरुषः  सुखा  -दुह्खानाम
भोक्त्रत्वे  हेतुर  उच्यते

karya-karana-kartrtve
hetuh prakritir ucyate
purushah sukha-duhkhanam
bhoktrtve hetur ucyate

"Nature is said to be the cause of all material causes and effects, whereas the living entity is the cause of the various sufferings and enjoyments in this world."

पुरुषः  प्रक्रितिस्थोही
भूंकते  प्रकृति -जान  गुणन
करणं  गुना -संगो अस्य
साद -असद -योनि -जन्मसु

 

purushah prakriti-stho hi
bhunkte prakriti-jan gunan
karanam guna-sango ’sya
sad-asad-yoni-janmasu

 

"The living entity in material nature thus follows the ways of life, enjoying the three modes of nature. This is due to his association with that material nature. Thus he meets with good and evil among various species."

उपद्रस्तानुमंता  च
 भरता  भोक्ता  महेश्वरः
परमात्मेति  चाप्युक्तो
देहे  अस्मिन  पुरुषः  परः

upadrastanumanta ca
bharta bhokta maheshvarah
paramatmeti capy ukto
dehe ’smin purushah parah

"Yet in this body there is another, a transcendental enjoyer, who is the Lord, the supreme proprietor, who exists as the overseer and permitter, and who is known as the Supersoul."

य  एवं  वेत्ति  पुरुषम
प्रकृतिम  च  गुनिः  सः
सर्वथा  वर्तमानो  अपि
न  स  भूयो  अभिजायते  

ya evam vetti purusham
prakritim ca gunaih saha
sarvatha vartamano ’pi
na sa bhuyo ’bhijayate

"One who understands this philosophy concerning material nature, the living entity and the interaction of the modes of nature is sure to attain liberation. He will not take birth here again, regardless of his present position."

ध्यानेनात्मानी  पश्यन्ति
केचिद  आत्मानं  आत्मना
अन्य  संख्येना  योगेन
कर्मा -योगेन  चापरे

dhyanenatmani pasyanti
kecid atmanam atmana
anye sankhyena yogena
karma-yogena capare

"Some perceive the Supersoul within themselves through meditation, others through the cultivation of knowledge, and still others through working without fruitive desires."

अन्य  त्व  एवं  अजानन्तः
 श्रुत्वान्येभ्य  उपासते
ते  अपि  चातितारंत्येवा
मृत्युम  श्रुति -परायनः

 

anye tv evam ajanantah
srutvanyebhya upasate
te ’pi catitaranty eva
mrityum shruti-parayanah

 

"Again there are those who, although not conversant in spiritual knowledge, begin to worship the Supreme Person upon hearing about Him from others. Because of their tendency to hear from authorities, they also transcend the path of birth and death."

यावत  संजायते  किंचित
सत्त्वं  स्थावर -जंगमं
क्षेत्र -क्षेत्रज्ञ -संयोगत
 तद  विद्धि  भरतार्सभा

yavat sanjayate kincit
sattvam sthavara-jangamam
kshetra-kshetrajna-samyogat
tad viddhi bharatarsabha

"O chief of the Bharatas, know that whatever you see in existence, both the moving and the nonmoving, is only a combination of the field of activities and the knower of the field."

समं  सर्वेषु  भूतेशु
तिस्थानतम  परमेस्वरम
विनास्यत्स्व  अविनास्यनतम
यह  पश्यति  स  पश्यति

 

samam sarveshu bhutesu
tisthantam paramesvaram
vinasyatsv avinasyantam
yah pasyati sa pasyati

"One who sees the Supersoul accompanying the individual soul in all bodies, and who understands that neither the soul nor the Supersoul within the destructible body is ever destroyed, actually sees."

शमं  पश्यन  ही   सर्वत्र
समवस्थितम  इश्वरं
न  हिनस्ति   आत्मनात्मानं
ततो  याति  पराम  गतिम्

samam pasyan hi sarvatra
samavasthitam ishvaram
na hinasty atmanatmanam
tato yati param gatim

"One who sees the Supersoul equally present everywhere, in every living being, does not degrade himself by his mind. Thus he approaches the transcendental destination."

प्रक्रित्यिवा  च  कर्माणि
क्रियामानानी  सर्वशः
यह  पश्यति  तथात्मानं
 अकर्तारं  स  पश्यति  

prakrityaiva ca karmani
kriyamanani sarvasah
yah pasyati tathatmanam
akartaram sa pasyati

"One who can see that all activities are performed by the body, which is created of material nature, and sees that the self does nothing, actually sees."

  

यदा  भूत -पृथग -भावं
एक -स्थं  अनुपस्यती
तत  एव  च  विस्तारं
ब्रह्म  संपद्यते  तदा

yada bhuta-prithag-bhavam
eka-stham anupasyati
tata eva ca vistaram
brahma sampadyate tada

"When a sensible man ceases to see different identities due to different material bodies and he sees how beings are expanded everywhere, he attains to the Brahman conception."

अनादित्वं  निर्गुनात्वत
परमात्मयम  अव्ययः
सरिरस्थोअपि  कौन्तेय
न  करोति  न  लिप्यते 

anaditvan nirgunatvat
paramatmayam avyayah
sarira-stho ’pi kaunteya
na karoti na lipyate 

"Those with the vision of eternity can see that the imperishable soul is transcendental, eternal, and beyond the modes of nature. Despite contact with the material body, O Arjuna, the soul neither does anything nor is entangled."

यथा  सर्वगतं  सौक्ष्म्यद
अकस्म  नोपलिप्यते
सर्वत्रावस्थितो  देहे
 तथात्मा नोपलिप्यते

 

yatha sarva-gatam sauksmyad
akasam nopalipyate
sarvatravasthito dehe
tathatma nopalipyate

"The sky, due to its subtle nature, does not mix with anything, although it is all-pervading. Similarly, the soul situated in Brahman vision does not mix with the body, though situated in that body."

 

यथा  प्रकाशयत्येकः 
क्र्त्सनम  लोकं  इमं  रविः
क्षेत्रं  क्षेत्री  तथा  क्र्त्सनम
प्रकासयती  भारत

yatha prakasayaty ekah
krtsnam lokam imam ravih
kshetram ksetri tatha krtsnam
prakasayati bharata

"O son of Bharata, as the sun alone illuminates all this universe, so does the living entity, one within the body, illuminate the entire body by consciousness."

क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्नायोरेवं
अंतराम  ज्ञान चक्सुसा
भुत्प्रक्रितिमोक्षम  च
ये  विदुर्यान्ति  ते  परम

kshetra-kshetrajnayor evam
antaram jnana-caksusa
bhuta-prakriti-moksham ca
ye vidur yanti te param

"Those who see with eyes of knowledge the difference between the body and the knower of the body, and can also understand the process of liberation from bondage in material nature, attain to the supreme goal."