Bhagwad Geeta Chapter 1 "Arjun Vishad Yoga"

ध्रितराष्ट्र  उवाचा -

 धर्मं - क्षेत्रे  कुरु - क्षेत्रे
समवेता  युयुत्सवः
मामकाः  पन्दवास्चैवा
किम  अकुर्वत  संजय   

dhritarashtra uvaca
dharma-kshetre kuru-kshetre
samaveta yuyutsavah
mamakah pandavas caiva
kim akurvata sanjaya

"Dhritarashtra said: O Sanjaya, after my sons and the sons of Pandu assembled in the place of pilgrimage at Kurukshetra, desiring to fight, what did they do?"

संजय  उवाच -
दृष्ट्वा  तू  पन्दवानिकम
 व्युद्हम  दुर्योधनस्तदा
आचार्यं  उपसंगम्य
राजा  वचनं  अब्रवीत

sanjaya uvaca
drishtva tu pandavanikam
vyudham duryodhanas tada
acaryam upasangamya
raja vacanam abravit

"Sanjaya said: O King, after looking over the army arranged in military formation by the sons of Pandu, King Duryodhana went to his teacher and spoke the following words."

अस्येतम  पंडू - पुत्रनाम
अचार्य  महतिम  चमूम
व्युद्हम  द्रुपदा - पुत्रेण
 तवा  सिस्येना  धीमता

asyaitam pandu-putranam
acarya mahatim camum
vyudham drupada-putrena
tava sisyena dhimata

"O my teacher, behold the great army of the sons of Pandu, so expertly arranged by your intelligent disciple the son of Drupada."

अत्र  सूरा  महेस्वसा
भिमर्जुना - समां  युधि
युयुधानो  विरातास  च
 द्रुपदस  च  महारथः

atra sura mahesv-asa
bhimarjuna-sama yudhi
yuyudhano viratas ca
drupadas ca maha-rathah

"Here in this army are many heroic bowmen equal in fighting to Bhima and Arjuna: great fighters like Yuyudhana, Virata and Drupada."

ध्रिश्ताकेतुस  सकितानाह
कसिराजास  च  वीर्यवान
पुरुजित  कुन्तिभोजास  च
 सैब्यास  च  नरपुंगवः

dhrishtaketus cekitanah
kasirajas ca viryavan
purujit kuntibhojas ca
saibyas ca nara-pungavah

"There are also great, heroic, powerful fighters like Dhrishtaketu, Cekitana, Kasiraja, Purujit, Kuntibhoja and Saibya."

युधामंयुस  च  विक्रान्ता
उत्तमौजास  च  वीर्यवान
सौभद्रो  द्रौपदेयास  च
सर्व  एव  महारथः

yudhamanyus ca vikranta
uttamaujas ca viryavan
saubhadro draupadeyas ca
sarva eva maha-rathah

"There are the mighty Yudhamanyu, the very powerful Uttamauja, the son of Subhadra and the sons of Draupadi. All these warriors are great chariot fighters."

अस्माकं  तू  विसिस्ता  ये
तान्निबोध  द्विजोत्तम
नायका  मामा  सैन्यस्य
सम्ज्नार्थम  तन   ब्रवीमि  ते

Asmakam tu visista ye
tan nibodha dvijottama
nayaka mama sainyasya
samjnartham tan bravimi te

"But for your information, O best of the brahmanas, let me tell you about the captains who are especially qualified to lead my military force."

भवन  भीस्मस  cha कर्णस  च
कृपस  च  समितिम्जयाह
अश्वत्थामा  विकार्नस  च 
सौमादात्तिस  तथैव  च

bhavan bhismas ca karnas ca
kripas ca samitim-jayah
ashvatthama vikarnas ca
saumadattis tathaiva ca

"There are personalities like you, Bhishma, Karna, Kripa, Asvatthama, Vikarna and the son of Somadatta called Bhurisrava, who are always victorious in battle."

अन्ये  च  बहवः  सूरा
मदर्थे  त्याक्ताजिवितः
नाना - शास्त्र - प्रहरनाह
सर्वे  युद्ध - विसरदः

anye ca bahavah sura
mad-arthe tyakta-jivitah
nana-shastra-praharanah
sarve yuddha-visaradah

"There are many other heroes who are prepared to lay down their lives for my sake. All of them are well equipped with different kinds of weapons, and all are experienced in military science."

aparyaptam tad asmakam
balam bhismabhiraksitam
paryaptam tv idam etesam
balam bhimabhiraksitam

"Our strength is immeasurable, and we are perfectly protected by Grandfather Bhishma, whereas the strength of the Pandavas, carefully protected by Bhima, is limited."

अयानेसू  च  सर्वेषु
यथा -भागम  अवस्थितः
 भिस्मम  एवाभिरक्षन्तु
 भवन्तः  सर्व  एव  ही

ayanesu ca sarveshu
yatha-bhagam avasthitah
bhismam evabhirakshantu
bhavantah sarva eva hi

"All of you must now give full support to Grandfather Bhishma, as you stand at your respective strategic points of entrance into the phalanx of the army."

तस्य  संजनयन  हरसं
कुरु -व्र्द्धः  पितामहः
 सिंह -नदं  विनद्योक्कैह
संखं  दध्मौ  प्रतापवान

tasya sanjanayan harsam
kuru-vrddhah pitamahah
simha-nadam vinadyoccaih
sankham dadhmau pratapavan

"Then Bhishma, the great valiant grandsire of the Kuru dynasty, the grandfather of the fighters, blew his conchshell very loudly, making a sound like the roar of a lion, giving Duryodhana joy."

ततः  संखास  च  भेरियास्चा 
 पनावानाका -गोमुखाः
 सहसैवाभ्याहन्यानता
सा  शब्दस  तुमुलो  ’भवत

tatah sankhas ca bheryas ca
panavanaka-gomukhah
sahasaivabhyahanyanta
sa shabdas tumulo ’bhavat

"After that, the conchshells, drums, bugles, trumpets and horns were all suddenly sounded, and the combined sound was tumultuous."

ततः  स्वेतैर  हयैर  युक्ते
महती  स्यन्दने  स्थितौ
 माधवः  पन्दवास्चैवा 
दिव्यौ  संखौ  प्रदध्मतुह  

tatah svetair hayair yukte
mahati syandane sthitau
madhavah pandavas caiva
divyau sankhau pradadhmatuh

"On the other side, both Lord Krishna and Arjuna, stationed on a great chariot drawn by white horses, sounded their transcendental conchshells."

पंचाजन्यम  हृषीकेशो 
देवदत्तं  धनंजयः
पौन्द्रम  दध्मौ  महा - शंखं
भीमा -कर्मा  व्र्कोदारह

pancajanyam hrsikeso
devadattam dhananjayah
paundram dadhmau maha-sankham
bhima-karma vrkodarah

"Lord Krishna blew His conchshell, called Pancajanya; Arjuna blew his, the Devadatta; and Bhima, the voracious eater and performer of herculean tasks, blew his terrific conchshell, called Paundra."

अनन्तविजयं  रजा
कुंती - पुत्रो  युधिष्ठिरः 
नकुलः  सहदेवास  च
सुघोष - मनिपुश्पकौ

कस्यास  च  परमेश्वशाह
 शिखंडी   च  महा -रथः
ध्रिश्ताद्युम्नो  विरातास्चा 
सात्यकिस  चापराजितः

द्रुपदो  द्रौपदेयास  च
सर्वशः  पृथिवी - पते
सौभाद्रस  च  महा -बाहू : 
संखन  दध्मुह  पृथक  पृथक

anantavijayam raja
kunti-putro yudhisthirah
nakulah sahadevas ca
sughosa-manipuspakau

kasyas ca paramesv-asah
sikhandi ca maha-rathah
dhrishtadyumno viratas ca
satyakis caparajitah

drupado draupadeyas ca
sarvasah prithivi-pate
saubhadras ca maha-bahuh
sankhan dadhmuh prithak prithak

"King Yudhishthira, the son of Kunti, blew his conchshell, the Ananta-vijaya, and Nakula and Sahadeva blew the Sughosa and Manipuspaka. That great archer the King of Kasi, the great fighter Sikhandi, Dhrishtadyumna, Virata, the unconquerable Satyaki, Drupada, the sons of Draupadi, and the others, O King, such as the mighty-armed son of Subhadra, all blew their respective conchshells."

सा  घोशो  धर्तारास्त्रनाम
हृदयानि  व्यदारयत
नभस  च  प्रिथिविम  चैव
तुमुलो  ’भ्यानुनादायण   

sa ghoso dhartarastranam
hridayani vyadarayat
nabhas ca prithivim caiva
tumulo ’bhyanunadayan

"The blowing of these different conchshells became uproarious. Vibrating both in the sky and on the earth, it shattered the hearts of the sons of Dhritarashtra."

अथ व्यवस्थितान  दृष्ट्वा
धर्तारास्त्रण  कपि - ध्वजः
प्रवर्तते  शास्त्र - सम्पाते
धनुर  उद्यम्य  पाण्डवः
हृशिकेषम  तदा  वाक्यं
इदं  आहा  माहि - पते

atha vyavasthitan drishtva
dhartarastran kapi-dhvajah
pravrtte shastra-sampate
dhanur udyamya pandavah
hrishikesham tada vakyam
idam aha mahi-pate

"At that time Arjuna, the son of Pandu, seated in the chariot bearing the flag marked with Hanuman, took up his bow and prepared to shoot his arrows. O King, after looking at the sons of Dhritarashtra drawn in military array, Arjuna then spoke to Lord Krishna these words."

अर्जुन  उवाच      
सेन्योर     उभयोर    मद्ध्ये   
रथं  स्थापय  में  अच्युत
यवाद  एतां  निरीक्षे  अहम्
योद्धु  - कामान  अवस्थितान

कैर  माया  सहा  योद्धव्यम
अस्मिन  रण - समुद्यमे

 

arjuna uvaca
senayor ubhayor madhye
ratham sthapaya me ’cyuta
yavad etan nirikse ’ham
yoddhu-kaman avasthitan

kair maya saha yoddhavyam
asmin rana-samudyame

"Arjuna said: O infallible one, please draw my chariot between the two armies so that I may see those present here, who desire to fight, and with whom I must contend in this great trial of arms."

yotsyamanan avekse ’ham
ya ete ’tra samagatah
dhartarastrasya durbuddher
yuddhe priya-cikirsavah

"Let me see those who have come here to fight, wishing to please the evil-minded son of Dhritarashtra."

योत्स्यमानान  अवेक्से  अहम्
या  एते  अत्र  समागतः
धर्ताराश्त्रश्य   दुर्बुद्धेर
 युद्धे  प्रिय - सिकिर्सवः 

bhisma-drona-pramukhatah
sarvesam ca mahi-ksitam
uvaca partha pasyaitan
samavetan kurun iti

"In the presence of Bhishma, Drona and all the other chieftains of the world, the Lord said, Just behold, Partha, all the Kurus assembled here."

तत्रपश्यत  स्थितान  पार्थः
पितरं अथ  पितामहं
आचार्यं  मातुलं  भ्रातरं
पुत्रं  पौत्रण  सखिम्स  तथा
स्वसुरण  सुह्रिदास  चैव
सेनयोर   उभयोर   अपि

tatrapasyat sthitan parthah
pitrn atha pitamahan
acaryan matulan bhratrn
putran pautran sakhims tatha
svasuran suhridas caiva
senayor ubhayor api

"There Arjuna could see, within the midst of the armies of both parties, his fathers, grandfathers, teachers, maternal uncles, brothers, sons, grandsons, friends, and also his fathers-in-law and well-wishers."

तन  समीक्ष्य  सा   कौन्तेयः
सर्वां   बन्धुं  अवस्थितान
कृपया  परयाविस्तो
विसिदान्न  इदं  अब्रवीत

tan samiksya sa kaunteyah
sarvan bandhun avasthitan
kripaya parayavisto
visidann idam abravit

"When the son of Kunti, Arjuna, saw all these different grades of friends and relatives, he became overwhelmed with compassion and spoke thus."

अर्जुन  उवाचा
 द्र्स्तवेमम  स्व -जनम  कृष्णा
युयुत्सुम  समुपस्थितम
सीदन्ति  माम्गात्रानी
 मुखं  च  परिसुस्यती

Arjuna uvaca
drstvemam sva-janam krishna
yuyutsum samupasthitam
sidanti mama gatrani
mukham ca parisusyati

"Arjuna said: My dear Krishna, seeing my friends and relatives present before me in such a fighting spirit, I feel the limbs of my body quivering and my mouth drying up."

वेपथुस  च  शरीरे   में
रोमा -हर्शाश   च  जायते 
गाण्डीवं  स्रंसते  हस्तात
त्वक  चैव  परिदह्यते

vepathus ca sarire me
roma-harsas ca jayate
gandivam sramsate hastat
tvak caiva paridahyate

"My whole body is trembling, my hair is standing on end, my bow Gandiva is slipping from my hand, and my skin is burning."

न  च  शकनोमी अवस्था तुम     
भ्रमतीव  च  में  मनः
निमित्तानि  च  पश्यामि
विपरीतानि  केशव

na ca saknomy avasthatum
bhramativa ca me manah
nimittani ca pasyami
viparitani keshava

"I am now unable to stand here any longer. I am forgetting myself, and my mind is reeling. I see only causes of misfortune, O Krishna, killer of the Keshi demon."

न  च  श्रेयो  अनुपस्यामी
 हत्वा  स्व -जनम  अहवे
न  कंक्षे  विजयं  कृष्णा
न  च  राज्यं  सुखानी   च

na ca sreyo ’nupasyami
hatva sva-janam ahave
na kankse vijayam krishna
na ca rajyam sukhani ca

"I do not see how any good can come from killing my own kinsmen in this battle, nor can I, my dear Krishna, desire any subsequent victory, kingdom, or happiness."

किम  नो  राज्येन  गोविंदा
किम  भोगैर  जिवितेना  व
येषाम  अर्थे  कन्क्सितम  नो
राज्यं  भोगः  सुखानी  cha

ता  इमे  ’वस्थिता  युद्धे
प्रनामस  त्यक्त्वा  धनानि  च
आचार्यः    पितरः  पुत्रस
तथैव  च  पितामहः

मातुलः  स्वसुरह  पुत्रः
स्यलाह  सम्बन्धिनस  तथा
 एतन  न  हन्तुम  इच्छामि
घ्नतो अपि  मधुसुदना

अपि  त्रैलोक्य -राज्यस्य
हेतोह  किम  नु  माहि कृते 
निहत्य  धर्तारास्त्रण  नह
का  प्रीतिः  स्याज  जनार्दना  

kim no rajyena govinda
kim bhogair jivitena va
yesham arthe kanksitam no
rajyam bhogah sukhani ca

ta ime ’vasthita yuddhe
pranams tyaktva dhanani ca
acaryah pitarah putras
tathaiva ca pitamahah

matulah svasurah pautrah
syalah sambandhinas tatha
etan na hantum icchami
ghnato ’pi madhusudana

api trailokya-rajyasya
hetoh kim nu mahi-krte
nihatya dhartarastran nah
ka pritih syaj janardana

"O Govinda, of what avail to us are a kingdom, happiness or even life itself when all those for whom we may desire them are now arrayed on this battlefield? O Madhusudana, when teachers, fathers, sons, grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law and other relatives are ready to give up their lives and properties and are standing before me, why should I wish to kill them, even though they might otherwise kill me? O maintainer of all living entities, I am not prepared to fight with them even in exchange for the three worlds, let alone this earth. What pleasure will we derive from killing the sons of Dhritarashtra?"

पपमेवास्रायेद  असमान
हत्वैतन  अतातायिनाह
 तस्मान  नरहा  वयं  हन्तुम
धर्तारास्त्रण  सा -बंधवान
 स्वजनं  ही  कथं  हटवा
सुखिनः  स्यामा  माधव

papam evasrayed asman
hatvaitan atatayinah
tasman narha vayam hantum
dhartarastran sa-bandhavan
sva-janam hi katham hatva
sukhinah syama madhava

"Sin will overcome us if we slay such aggressors. Therefore it is not proper for us to kill the sons of Dhritarashtra and our friends. What should we gain, O Krishna, husband of the goddess of fortune, and how could we be happy by killing our own kinsmen?"

यद्यपि  एते  न  पश्यन्ति
 लोभोपहता -चेतसः
कुल -क्षय -कृतं  दोषं
मित्र -द्रोहे  च  पातकं

कथं  न  जनें  अस्माभिः
पापड़   असमान  निवर्तितुम
कुल -कस्य -कृतं  दोषं
प्रपस्यद्भिर  जनार्दना

yady apy ete na pasyanti
lobhopahata-cetasah
kula-ksaya-kritam dosam
mitra-drohe ca patakam

katham na jneyam asmabhih
papad asman nivartitum
kula-ksaya-kritam dosam
prapasyadbhir janardana

"O Janardana, although these men, their hearts overtaken by greed, see no fault in killing one’s family or quarreling with friends, why should we, who can see the crime in destroying a family, engage in these acts of sin?"

कुल - क्षये    प्रनास्यन्ति
कुल -धर्मः  सनातनः
धर्मे  नसते  कुलं  क्र्त्सनाम
अधर्मो  ’भिभावाटी  उत 

kula-ksaye pranasyanti
kula-dharmah sanatanah
dharme naste kulam krtsnam
adharmo ’bhibhavaty uta

"With the destruction of dynasty, the eternal family tradition is vanquished, and thus the rest of the family becomes involved in irreligion."

अधर्मभिभावत  कृष्ण
 प्रदुस्यन्ति  कुल -स्त्रियः
स्त्रीसु  दुस्तासु  वर्स्नेया
जयते  वर्ण -संकरह  

adharmabhibhavat krishna
pradusyanti kula-striyah
strisu dustasu varsneya
jayate varna-sankarah

"When irreligion is prominent in the family, O Krishna, the women of the family become polluted, and from the degradation of womanhood, O descendant of Vrishni, comes unwanted progeny."

संकरो  नरकायैव
 कुल -घ्नानम  कुलस्य  च
पतन्ति   पितरो  ह्येसम
लुप्त -पिन्दोदका -क्रियाः

sankaro narakayaiva
kula-ghnanam kulasya ca
patanti pitaro hy esam
lupta-pindodaka-kriyah

"An increase of unwanted population certainly causes hellish life both for the family and for those who destroy the family tradition. The ancestors of such corrupt families fall down, because the performances for offering them food and water are entirely stopped."

दोसैरेतिः  कुल - घ्नानम
वर्ण - संकरा - कराकैह
उत्साद्यन्ते  जाती -धर्मः
 कुल -धर्मस  च  सास्वतः

dosair etaih kula-ghnanam
varna-sankara-karakaih
utsadyante jati-dharmah
kula-dharmas ca sasvatah

"By the evil deeds of those who destroy the family tradition and thus give rise to unwanted children, all kinds of community projects and family welfare activities are devastated."

उत्संना -कुल -धर्मानं
मनुष्यानाम  जनार्दना
नरके  नियतं  वसो
 भवतीत्य  अनुसुस्रुमा

utsanna-kula-dharmanam
manushyanam janardana
narake niyatam vaso
bhavatity anususruma

"O Krishna, maintainer of the people, I have heard by disciplic succession that those who destroy family traditions dwell always in hell."

अहो  बता  महत  पापं
कर्तुम  व्यवसिता  वयं
यद्  राज्य -सुख -लोभेना
हन्तुम  स्व -जनम  उद्यतः

aho bata mahat papam
kartum vyavasita vayam
yad rajya-sukha-lobhena
hantum sva-janam udyatah

"Alas, how strange it is that we are preparing to commit greatly sinful acts. Driven by the desire to enjoy royal happiness, we are intent on killing our own kinsmen."

यदि  माम  अप्रतिकाराम
अशस्त्रं  शास्त्र - पनायाह
धर्तारास्त्र  राणे  हन्युस
तन्मे  क्षेमतरं  भवेत्

yadi mam apratikaram
ashastram shastra-panayah
dhartarastra rane hanyus
tan me kshemataram bhavet

"Better for me if the sons of Dhritarashtra, weapons in hand, were to kill me unarmed and unresisting on the battlefield."

संजय  उवाचा
एवं  उक्त्वर्जुनाह  संख्ये
रथोपस्थ  उपविसत
विस्र्ज्य  सा - सरम  चापं
सोकसंविगना - मानसः

sanjaya uvaca
evam uktvarjunah sankhye
rathopastha upavisat
visrjya sa-saram capam
soka-samvigna-manasah

"Sanjaya said: Arjuna, having thus spoken on the battlefield, cast aside his bow and arrows and sat down on the chariot, his mind overwhelmed with grief."